Visual lessons
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Cheat sheetsSetting up the problem
Identify the object or system, choose a direction and label known quantities before calculating. A sketch helps make assumptions visible so they can be checked.
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AP · Live online · One-on-oneAP Physics 1 tutoring & study guide
Study Units 1–8 through focused lessons, labeled models, worked examples, flashcards and original practice. Find personal tutoring when you need it.
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Your AP Physics 1 learning path
FREE STUDY LIBRARY · ALGEBRA-BASED
Understand the motion.
Then explain the why.
Open a unit, choose a topic, and study one focused lesson at a time. The lesson breakdown is Refresh Kid’s organization, mapped to the College Board framework.
8 units119 focused lessonsLearn · Explore · Practice · Review
Review edition · Teacher review pending
Review edition · Teacher review pending
Choose a unit, then open a topic.
No matching topics. Try a different word or clear your search.
01 Kinematics 10–15% of the multiple-choice section
Start with signs and vectors, connect motion to graphs, then reason about observers and projectiles. Units 2–8 continue below with lessons, models and original practice; independent teacher review and student testing remain pending.
1.1 Scalars and Vectors in One Dimension
1.2 Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration
1.3 Representing Motion
1.4 Reference Frames and Relative Motion
02 Force and Translational Dynamics 16 lessons · Review edition
Choose a system, identify its interactions, then connect forces to changing motion. 32 original MCQs, 48 recall cards, 16 written challenges and 14 model investigations. Independent teacher review and student testing remain pending.
2.1 Systems and Center of Mass
2.2 Forces and Free-Body Diagrams
2.3 Newton’s Third Law
2.4 Newton’s First Law
2.5 Newton’s Second Law
2.6 Gravitational Force
2.7 Kinetic and Static Friction
2.8 Spring Forces
03 Work, Energy, and Power 14 lessons · Review edition
Track work and energy, compare system choices, and explain how quickly energy is transferred. 28 original MCQs, 42 recall cards, 14 written challenges and 14 model investigations. Independent teacher review and student testing remain pending.
3.1 Translational Kinetic Energy
3.2 Work
3.3 Potential Energy
3.4 Conservation of Energy
04 Linear Momentum 14 lessons · Review edition
Track signed momentum, connect force and time, and compare collisions. Original practice, recall cards, written challenges and model investigations accompany each lesson. Independent teacher review and student testing remain pending.
4.1 Linear Momentum
4.2 Change in Momentum and Impulse
4.3 Conservation of Linear Momentum
4.4 Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
05 Torque and Rotational Dynamics 15 lessons · Review edition
Connect angles to motion, build torque diagrams, and explain how mass distribution affects rotation. Original practice, recall cards, written challenges and model investigations accompany each lesson. Independent teacher review and student testing remain pending.
5.1 Rotational Kinematics
5.2 Connecting Linear and Rotational Motion
5.4 Rotational Inertia
5.5 Rotational Equilibrium and Newton’s First Law in Rotational Form
5.6 Newton’s Second Law in Rotational Form
06 Energy and Momentum of Rotating Systems 16 lessons · Review edition
Connect rotational energy and angular momentum, distinguish rolling from slipping, and explain satellite motion. Original practice, recall cards, written challenges and model investigations accompany each lesson. Independent teacher review and student testing remain pending.
6.1 Rotational Kinetic Energy
6.2 Torque and Work
6.3 Angular Momentum and Angular Impulse
6.4 Conservation of Angular Momentum
6.5 Rolling
07 Oscillations 12 lessons · Review edition
Connect restoring forces, periods, motion graphs and energy in spring and pendulum oscillations. Original practice, recall cards, written challenges and model investigations accompany each lesson. Independent teacher review and student testing remain pending.
7.1 Defining Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
7.2 Frequency and Period of SHM
7.3 Representing and Analyzing SHM
7.4 Energy of Simple Harmonic Oscillators
08 Fluids 14 lessons · Review edition
Connect density and pressure to buoyancy, then apply mass and energy conservation to flowing fluids. Original practice, recall cards, written challenges and model investigations accompany each lesson. Independent teacher review and student testing remain pending.
8.1 Internal Structure and Density
8.2 Pressure
8.3 Fluids and Newton’s Laws
What to know before you start
Comfort with algebra, unit conversions, right-triangle trigonometry and graph slopes will help. We use g = 10 m/s² for our numerical examples unless a question states otherwise. Simulations assume point objects, uniform gravity where applicable, and no air resistance.
Unit boundaries: relative-velocity calculations are one-dimensional. Changing acceleration is treated qualitatively. A three-dimensional camera helps inspect vectors and trajectories, but the modeled projectile motion is still in a two-dimensional plane.
College Board released material
2026 · Question 1 · Version J
Use Part A(i) for component velocity graphs and Part A(ii) for a kinematics derivation. The remaining parts use fluid concepts from Unit 8; they are not Unit 1-only practice.
This is a Unit 1 synthesis task to revisit after learning projectile motion. Historical papers may use different timing or course coverage. Official questions remain on College Board’s site; our questions below are original practice.
Browse released years and scoring information ↗2026–27 source check and exam update
Curriculum mapped to the current official CED, Unit 1, printed pages 27–34 (PDF pages 34–41). The fall-2026 correction lists 42 multiple-choice questions in 85 minutes and 95 minutes for the free-response section, effective for the May 2027 exam. This library is not a timed full-length exam.
Course and Exam Description ↗ · Fall-2026 corrections ↗
Source check: September 16, 2026. College Board defines the course framework; Refresh Kid authors the explanations, simulations and practice. AP® is a College Board trademark. College Board does not endorse this resource.
Curriculum sources & scope · AP Physics 1
College Board
Eight-unit framework; use current corrections for the May 2027 exam.
Complete official content is in the CED unit guides, including topic IDs, learning objectives, essential knowledge and course skills. The outline on this page is navigation only.
More ways to make it click.
Start with the first lesson, or choose a topic above.
Turn “which formula?” into a clearer physics question.
Refresh Kid offers one-to-one online AP Physics 1 tutoring and a free Units 1–8 study guide. Find the topic you are studying, work through the explanation, and ask about teacher support when the setup or reasoning is unclear.
Connecting diagrams, graphs and equations
Use more than one representation of the same situation. Explain what a graph feature or an arrow means physically before deciding how it belongs in an equation.
Explaining the result
Check units, signs and whether the result is reasonable. Practise a short justification of the model and assumptions, then try a related situation to see whether the reasoning transfers.
Can I use the study guide without booking tutoring?
Yes. The available explanations, models and practice can be opened without an enquiry form. They are labelled as review editions; independent teacher review and student testing remain pending. Live tutoring is an optional next step.
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Ask. Explore. Understand.
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Try our interactive learning lab →Build understanding.
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Connect diagrams, equations, and written explanations. Bring a recent free-response attempt so your teacher can see how you reason.
You can bring schoolwork, a recent assessment, or the topic that is slowing you down. Your teacher can use that starting point to identify gaps and agree on a manageable plan.
What sessions can focus on
01 Kinematics and representations of motion
02 Forces, systems, and Newton’s laws
03 Work, energy, momentum, and conservation
04 Rotation, oscillations, and fluids
A tutoring overview, not a complete course syllabus. Session content is matched to your schoolwork, level and goals.
Explore the official course or assessment information ↗
What a session can look like
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- Work through one example with explanation and questions.
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- Agree on practice and the next learning goal.
Before your first meeting
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